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Ellen Gunderson
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2019-02-04 23:22:20.830656
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Page 1 of 14 Research and Occupational Safety January 2017 Formaldehyde, Formalin, Paraformaldehyde Safe Work Practices I. Introduction II. Formaldehyde Regulations, Exposure Limits and Air Monitoring III. Laboratory Planning and Preparation for Use IV. Engineering Controls V. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE ) VI. Formaldehyde Safe Use Practices VII. Forma l dehyde Spill Cleanup VIII. Acute Exposure IX. Formaldehyde Waste Collection , Disposal and Treatment Formaldehyde Template SOP Formaldehyde Online Training I. INTRODUCTION In its purest form, formaldehyde is a colorless, highly toxic and flammable gas with a strong pungent odor. However, it is most commonly used as an aqueous solution called formalin , which typically also contains some methanol as a stabilizer. Paraformalde hyde is a white crystalline powder of polymerized formaldehyde , a flammable solid that can emit formaldehyde gas when heated or mixed with water . Many laboratories at UW use formalin solutions and paraformaldehyde solutions or solids as part of their resea rch and clinical activities. It is commonly used in tissue fixing and preservation , and as an organic chemical reagent. The most widely used formaldehyde – containing chemical at UW is 10% neutral buffered (NB) formalin, which contains 4% formaldehyde. In 2011, the US Department of Health and Human Services named formaldehyde a known human carcinogen . Prolonged exposure to formaldehyde has been associated with cancers of the lung, nasopharynx, orpharynx and nasal passages (nose and throat) and some studi es suggest formaldehyde may cause leukemia, particularly myeloid leukemia , i n humans. It has also been associated with decreased fertility and adverse reproductive effects. Formaldehyde is a sensitizing agent that can cause an immune system response upon i nitial exposure. Subsequent exposure may cause severe allergic reactions of the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Long – term or repeated exposure to low levels in the air or on the skin can cause as thma – like respiratory problems and skin irritation such as dermatitis and itching. Acute exposure can be highly irritating to the eyes, nose and throat. Because of the serious potential hazards for researchers and workers who may be exposed to formaldehyde as part of their work with formaldehyde – containing chemica ls, precautions must be taken to eliminate or reduce the potential for exposure as much as possible .
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