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Little Brown Bat Species Guidance 1 of 11 PUB ER – 705 (last updated J une 23, 2017 ) Little Brown Bat ( Myotis lucifugus ) Species Guidance Family: Vespertilionidae t he evening bats General Description: The little brown bat is a member of the g enus Myotis , which is represented by three species in Wisconsin. This bat weighs between 5.5 and 12.5 g (0.19 – emerge from hibernation (W I Bat Program unpublished data ) . Adult forearm lengths range from 36 to 40 mm (1.4 – 1.6 in), an d total body length is 8.0 – 9.5 cm (3.1 – 3.7 in) (Kurta 1995). Adult little brown bat wingsp an is 222 – 269 mm (8.75 – 10.5 in; Barbour and Davis 1969 ). Body color r anges from pale tan to reddish to dark brown, and is l ighter on the ventral side. F eet have long toe hairs that extend to the tips of the toes. Similar Species : T hree bat species in Wisconsin the little brown bat, the northern long – eared bat ( Myotis septentrionalis ) and the Indiana ( Myotis sodalis ) bat are best distinguished by close ( in – hand ) in spection . The northern long – eared bat has longer ears than the little brown bat, and a pointed, spear – like tragus. Tips of little brown bat ears , when ears are folded alongside the head, should extend no more than 3 mm beyond the tip of the nose; in contra st, the nor thern long – extend 3 mm or more. Little brown bat ear length in Wisconsin, however, can be highly variable, and tragus shape and length in relation to the rest of th e ear are the two best features to use to distinguish these two species. The little brown bat also appears similar to the Indiana bat, but the little , a spur of cartilage extended from the ankle and supporting the in terfemoral membrane (Barbour and Davis 1969, Fenton and Barclay 1980). Little brown bat fur is also generally glossier and lighter – colored than that of the grayer Indiana bat (see figure 1) . The little brown bat can also be identified by its echolocation c all (figure 2), but northern long – eared and Indian a bats share similar call characteristics and only trained individuals should positively identify bat species through echolocation calls. State Status: Threatened Sta te Rank: S3S4 Federal Status: None Global Rank: G 3 Wildlife Action P lan Area of Importance Score: None Species Information Figure 1. Little brown bat (left) and Indiana bat (right). The little brown bat has a brownish color and a light ventral side. Dav e Redell, W isconsin DNR Figure 2. Echolocation call: The little brown bat produces high – f requency calls (40 – 80 kHz). These bats emit about 20 pulses/second while they search for prey, and when they identify a target and enter the capture phase they increase the rate to 50 pulses/second, to produce a sequence of calls known as the feeding buzz (Fenton and Barclay 1980). The little brown bat sonogram is similar to those of the northern long – eared bat and the Indiana bat. Paul White, W isconsin DNR Range of little brown bat in Wisconsin. Source: Wisconsin Bat Program 2012 Heather Kaarakka, W isconsin DNR Time (seconds) kHz
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