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ISSUE12 FEBRUARY1999 WATERfront ISSUE13 DECEMBER1999 A UNICEF PUBLICATION ON WATER, ENVIRONMENT, SANITATION AND HYGIENEcontinued on page 2unicefUnited Nations ChildrenÕs FundFonds des Nations Unies pour lÕenfanceFondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infanciaearching for effective ways to make newbreakthroughs for the worldÕs children, UNICEF recently made preliminaryrecommendations for a global agenda for chil- dren (The future global agenda for children:imperatives for the twenty-first century, paperpresented to the UNICEF Executive Board, document E/ICEF/1999/10, 13 April 1999). The agenda stresses three goals centred on crucial developmental stages in a childÕs life, because within them lies the key to breaking persisting cycles of poverty:Infants start life healthy, and young children are nurtured in a safe and caring environ- ment that enables them to be physically healthy, mentally alert, emotionally secure, socially competent and intellectually able to learn.All children, including the poorest and most disadvantaged, have access to good- quality basic education and complete the basic education cycle.Adolescents have the opportunity to fully develop their individual capacities in safe and enabling environments, and are helped to participate and contribute to their societies. While shielding children from preventabledeath must always remain a UNICEF priority, the new strategy goes beyond child survival: it places early childhood care and education for all at the heart of a wider undertaking to realizeA future global agenda for children: The links with sanitation, hygiene, water and environment childrenÕs rights and eventually reduce poverty,recognizing always that there are inherent links between the survival, development and well- being of children and the realization of womenÕs rights from girlhood onwards.A new context for sanitation,hygiene, water and environment activitiesEarly childhood careThe vital importance of childrenÕs earliestyears is reflected in one of UNICEFÕs latestapproaches, the ECC programme (Early Childhood Care for Survival, Growth and Development). Focusing on the child from conception until the age of eight, with special attention to the first four years, theapproach seeks to achieve the full potential of every child by working within the family and the community and by using an integrated rather than a sectoral approach.In a world where the health and lives ofmore than half the worldÕs children are con- stantly threatened by environmental hazards, most of these in their own home and immedi- ate surroundings, it is easy to see how children gain from access to safe and convenient drink- ing water and from activities to promote ap- propriate hygiene and sanitation practices, as well as protection against environmental threats.Water and environmental sanitation pro-STable of Contents1A future global agenda for children: The links withsanitation, hygiene, water and environment3The night Mitch hit Tegucigalpa: 800,000 leftwithout water and sewerservices5ÒEverybody lives downstreamÓ: World Water Day 19997Introducing SanPlat latrines in Niger11Fluoride in water: An overview 14Water for PanamaÕs poorest 16The risk to groundwater supplies from on-site sanitation19Honduras: Wastewater treatment in poor urbanneighbourhoods21Headlining sanitation in UgandaÕs newspapers22Sanitation consumers in Benin: Understanding the market27New publications 28ÒThe time for action is nowÓ [The strategy] places early childhoodcare and education for all at theheart of a wider undertaking torealize childrenÕs rights andeventually reduce povertyÉ
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