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Parle Milind
et al
/ IJRAP 2011, 2 (1
)
47
-54
International Journal of Research in Ayurveda & Pharmacy,
2(1)
, Jan
-Feb 2011
47
-54
Review
Article
Available online through
ISSN 2229
-3566
CLOVE
:
A CHAMPION
SPICE
Parle
Milind
* and
Khanna
Deepa
Pharmacology Division, Dept.
Pharm
.
Sciences
(Accredited by NBA),
Guru Jambheshwar University of
Science and Technology
, Hisar, Haryana,
India
Received on:
12/11/2010
Revised on:
04/01/2011
Accepted on:
23/01/2011
ABSTRACT
Clove may be looked upon as a
champion of all the antioxidants known till date.
The Oxygen Radical Absorption
Capacity (ORAC)
test
is a scale developed by U.S. Department
of Agriculture for comparing anti
-oxidant activity.
The ORAC score, of clove is over 10 million.
A drop of clove oil is 400 times more powerful as an anti
-oxidant than
wolf berries or blueberries.
Health benefits from the
use of clove have been known over
the centuries. It is beneficial
as a home remedy in curing several ailment
s
/ disea
ses.
In addition to its
culinary uses, the clove buds have an
abundance of medicinal and recreational uses.
The major part of the world
s consumption of the clove spice is
in the
home kitchens. However, commercial use of the clove is for the production of clove oil that contain active
constituents
,
which
possess
antioxidant,
anti
-fungal,
anti
-viral,
anti
-microbial,
anti
-diabetic
, anti
-inflammatory,
antithrombotic
,
anestheti
c, pain reliving
and
insect repellent
properties.
Eugenol is the main constituent responsible
for the
medicinal
properties
of the
clove bud
. In
the
light of above
, we thought it worthwhile
to compile an up
-to
-date
review
article on c
love covering its
, syn
onyms, chemical constituents,
phytopharmacology and medicinal
uses
. KEY WORDS
: Cloves,
Syzygium a
romaticum
,
Laung,
Lavang.
*Corresponding Author
Dr. Milind Parle
,
Professor of Pharmacology
, Chairman, Dept. Pha
rm. Sciences
,
APTI Executive Council Membe
r,
Chairman, IAEC, Member Secretary, Research Ethics Board (ICMR), Guru Jambheshwar Unive
rsity of Science and
Technology, Hisar
(Haryana
),
India
INTRODUCTION
The symbol
of
dignity
that
is what
Clove
actually
means.
It
is a precious and valuable spice of the world.
It
is an unopened flower bud growing on a
tree belonging
to
the family
Myrtaceae
which
is same as that
of guavas
. Cloves (
Syzygium aromaticum
,
Eugenia
aromaticum
or
Euge
nia caryophyllata
) are the aromatic dried flower
buds
, which are commonly used in biryanis, pickles,
salads and garam masala.
The
tree that creates
the miracle
of nature
originated from
the Molucca
s Islands,
actually
known as S
pice Island. It is the commo
n product found
in the spice rack around the world
.
Clove buds
posses
intens
e fragrance
and
burning taste
. They have deep
brown color, powerful fragrant odour which is warm,
pungent, strongly sweet and slightly astringent
. In India it
is used in almost all
spicy
rich
dishes
. Indonesia uses half
the world production of cloves
to make
kretek
cigarettes
in the proportion of one
part of clove mixed with
two
parts of
tobacco
. In
2009 clove cigarettes were banned in
the
U.S. however they are still marketed with t
he new
label as filtered clove cigars
. Common Names
Cloves, Carophyllus
, Clovos
, Caryophyllus
Botanical Names
Eugenia caryophyllus
,
Syzygium a
romaticum
Names
in
Indian languages
Sanskrit:
Bhadrasriya
, Devakusuma
, Devapuspa,
Haricandana,
Karampu, L
avanga, L
avangaka, Lavangam,
Varala.
Hindi:
Laung,
Laumg, Lavan
g.
Malayalam:
Grampu, Karampu, Karayampu.
Marathi
:
Luvang
Kannada:
Lavanga, Daevakusuma, Krambu
Tamil:
Kirampu, Ilavankam, Kiraambu,
Kirambu,Grambu.
Telgu:
Devakusumamu, Lavangamu, Lavangalu,
Kaaraval
lu
Bengali:
Lavanga.
Gujarati:
Lavang
Punjabi:
Laung
Oriya:
Labanga
Urdu:
Laung,
Loung
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