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I find this to be a fascinating topic (the PDF is below the YouTube videos) because I completed my graduate studies at Hopkins in biomedical engineering, studying non-viral gene delivery methods. This entailed mainly plasmid and siRNA delivery via polymeric and inorganic nanoparticle delivery modalities. The whole premise behind non-viral gene delivery is that it is safe but more difficult to get effective delivery, in comparison to viruses. Many times we state in the background of these types of articles that they are safer than their viral counterparts. However, associated adenoviruses hit the sweet spot it seems. Assuming somebody does not have antibodies against AAVs, AAVs are generally considered far safer than typical viruses and are effective. I would say the biggest competitor of non-viral gene delivery methods is associated adenoviruses. If I had to bet on products that would be clinically successful, it would be AAV-based products. Fascinating stuff. Here is an interesting YouTube video for non-viral gene delivery by Dr. Banerjee.

Here is an interesting YouTube video for AAVs.

Click to access 44192_TS_Bio-Rad_AAV_Gene_Therapy_ebook-D7.pdf

Christie Wilcox wrote an article regarding false positives. The article was written in I would say a mediocre fashion. The article endeavors to stir up alarm regarding how things that are common to eat can cause false positives for rapid COVID-19 tests. Sure – this can be “alarming” but having a false positive is not that bad for the public. If someone does have a false positive then they may needlessly isolate and stay home. That is the worst case scenario. Sure, it is inconvenient perhaps but a false positive does not have negative consequences for society as much as a false negative. The article does not mention this. It would be far more alarming if someone tests negative and they are actually positive because then this person may not quarantine which has far more severe consequences for society. The article of interest should have discussed this aspect.

621 times in the first month!

The probability of being tenured is going to be mainly based on the emphasis of your institution and what your role is. Are you in solely a teaching role? If so, how well-liked are you by the students? If you are at a research institution and your role is bringing in research dollars, you will likely need to be funded with federal monies to be competitive for earning tenure. Also, institutions want to see the trajectory of success. If you are going to win only one federally-funded grant, it is best to get it just before going up for tenure. If you get a grant your first year and nothing leading up to tenure, your trajectory seems to not be upward. Good luck!!

I will keep updating the number but so far this post has been viewed 91 times.

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The answer is simply that if you try to heat up diamonds, there will come a point where it will turn into graphite – assuming the reaction took place in the presence of oxygen. So, because diamonds turn into graphite first, the melting temperature of graphite must be higher than diamonds.