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The content is as follows:
MTBE, Oxygenates, and
Motor Gasoline
Contents
Introduction
Federal gasoline product quality regulations
What are oxygenates?
Who gets gasoline with oxygenates?
Which areas get MTBE?
How much has been invested in MTBE production capacity?
What does new
Ethanol capacity cost?
What would an MTBE ban cost?
On-line information resources
Endnotes
Summary of revisions to this analysis
Introduction
The blending of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) into motor gasoline has increased
dramatically since it was first produced 20 years ago. MTBE usage grew in the early 1980’s in
response to octane demand re
sulting initially from the phaseout of lead from gasoline and later
from rising demand for premium gasoline. The oxygenated gasoline program stimulated an
increase in MTBE production between 1990 and 1994. MTBE demand increased from 83,000 in
1990 to 161,0
00 barrels per day in 1994. The reformulated gasoline (RFG) program provided a
further boost to oxygenate blending. The MTBE contained in motor gasoline increased to
269,000 barrels per day by 1997.
Unfortunately, because of leaking underground storage ta
nks or spills and because MTBE is
soluble in water and does not biodegrade easily, there have been increasing detections of MTBE
in ground waters and reservoirs.
Because of the occurrence of MTBE in water supplies, the EPA formed the
Blue Ribbon Panel
On
Oxygenates in Gasoline
. In September 1999, the Panel issued its final report that included the
following recommendations on MTBE use:
(1)
“Reduce the use of MTBE substantially (with some members supporting its complete
phase
-out)
, and action by Congress to clarify federal and state authority to regulate and/or
eliminate the use of gasoline additives that threaten drinking water supplies.”
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