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Parle Milind
et al
/ IJRAP 2011, 2 (1
)
47
-54
International Journal of Research in Ayurveda & Pharmacy,
2(1)
, Jan
-Feb 2011
47
-54
Review
Article
Available online through
www.ijrap.net
ISSN 2229
-3566
CLOVE
:
A CHAMPION
SPICE
Parle
Milind
* and
Khanna
Deepa
Pharmacology Division, Dept.
Pharm
.
Sciences
(Accredited by NBA),
Guru Jambheshwar University of
Science and Technology
, Hisar, Haryana,
India
Received on:
12/11/2010
Revised on:
04/01/2011
Accepted on:
23/01/2011
ABSTRACT
Clove may be looked upon as a
champion of all the antioxidants known till date.
The Oxygen Radical Absorption
Capacity (ORAC)
test
is a scale developed by U.S. Department
of Agriculture for comparing anti
-oxidant activity.
The ORAC score, of clove is over 10 million.
A drop of clove oil is 400 times more powerful as an anti
-oxidant than
wolf berries or blueberries.
Health benefits from the
use of clove have been known over
the centuries. It is beneficial
as a home remedy in curing several ailment
s
/ disea
ses.
In addition to its
culinary uses, the clove buds have an
abundance of medicinal and recreational uses.
The major part of the world
s consumption of the clove spice is
in the
home kitchens. However, commercial use of the clove is for the production of clove oil that contain active
constituents
,
which
possess
antioxidant,
anti
-fungal,
anti
-viral,
anti
-microbial,
anti
-diabetic
, anti
-inflammatory,
antithrombotic
,
anestheti
c, pain reliving
and
insect repellent
properties.
Eugenol is the main constituent responsible
for the
medicinal
properties
of the
clove bud
. In
the
light of above
, we thought it worthwhile
to compile an up
-to
-date
review
article on c
love covering its
, syn
onyms, chemical constituents,
phytopharmacology and medicinal
uses
. KEY WORDS
: Cloves,
Syzygium a
romaticum
,
Laung,
Lavang.
*Corresponding Author
Dr. Milind Parle
,
Professor of Pharmacology
, Chairman, Dept. Pha
rm. Sciences
,
APTI Executive Council Membe
r,
Chairman, IAEC, Member Secretary, Research Ethics Board (ICMR), Guru Jambheshwar Unive
rsity of Science and
Technology, Hisar
(Haryana
),
India
Email
: mparle@rediffmail.com
INTRODUCTION
The symbol
of
dignity
that
is what
Clove
actually
means.
It
is a precious and valuable spice of the world.
It
is an unopened flower bud growing on a
tree belonging
to
the family
Myrtaceae
which
is same as that
of guavas
. Cloves (
Syzygium aromaticum
,
Eugenia
aromaticum
or
Euge
nia caryophyllata
) are the aromatic dried flower
buds
, which are commonly used in biryanis, pickles,
salads and garam masala.
The
tree that creates
the miracle
of nature
originated from
the Molucca
s Islands,
actually
known as S
pice Island. It is the commo
n product found
in the spice rack around the world
.
Clove buds
posses
intens
e fragrance
and
burning taste
. They have deep
brown color, powerful fragrant odour which is warm,
pungent, strongly sweet and slightly astringent
. In India it
is used in almost all
spicy
rich
dishes
. Indonesia uses half
the world production of cloves
to make
kretek
cigarettes
in the proportion of one
part of clove mixed with
two
parts of
tobacco
. In
2009 clove cigarettes were banned in
the
U.S. however they are still marketed with t
he new
label as filtered clove cigars
. Common Names
Cloves, Carophyllus
, Clovos
, Caryophyllus
Botanical Names
Eugenia caryophyllus
,
Syzygium a
romaticum
Names
in
Indian languages
Sanskrit:
Bhadrasriya
, Devakusuma
, Devapuspa,
Haricandana,
Karampu, L
avanga, L
avangaka, Lavangam,
Varala.
Hindi:
Laung,
Laumg, Lavan
g.
Malayalam:
Grampu, Karampu, Karayampu.
Marathi
:
Luvang
Kannada:
Lavanga, Daevakusuma, Krambu
Tamil:
Kirampu, Ilavankam, Kiraambu,
Kirambu,Grambu.
Telgu:
Devakusumamu, Lavangamu, Lavangalu,
Kaaraval
lu
Bengali:
Lavanga.
Gujarati:
Lavang
Punjabi:
Laung
Oriya:
Labanga
Urdu:
Laung,
Loung
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